Plaque Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Plaque, including details on dentistry, brushing, oral hygiene, mouthwash.

Failure rate of brackets bonded with antimicrobial and fluoride-releasing, self-etching primer and the effect on prevention of enamel demineralization.

Paschos E, Kurochkina N, Huth KC, Hansson CS, Rudzki-Janson I

Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. epaschos@med.uni-muenchen.de

INTRODUCTION: Our aim in this randomized clinical trial was to compare the failure rates of orthodontic brackets by using 2 self-etching primers (SEPs) (Transbond Plus [3M Unitek, Seefeld, Germany] and Clearfil Protect Bond [Kuraray Medical, Okayama, Japan]) with a split-mouth design. Additionally, the effect of Clearfil Protect Bond was investigated regarding inhibition of plaque accumulation and demineralization. METHODS: A total of 480 brackets were bonded in 24 patients with the SEPs. The observation period was 12 months. One week after bonding and at every third recall, the plaque index and a visual rating of the enamel adjacent to the bracket were assessed at the lateral incisors and the first premolars. Additionally, DIAGNOdent (KaVo, Biberach, Germany) values were measured. RESULTS: Over the investigation time, 26 failures were recorded. Five occurred with the brackets bonded with Transbond Plus, and the rest with Clearfil Protect Bond (P = 0.002). The additionally observed parameters had no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: The failure rate with Clearfil Protect Bond was significantly higher. For our patients, who had adequate oral hygiene, there was no benefit with regard to plaque accumulation and prevention of demineralization with Clearfil Protect Bond.

Published 4 May 2009 in Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 135(5): 613-20.
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Articles on Plaque published 28 April 2009:

Early marker for Alzheimer's disease: hippocampus T1rho (T(1rho)) estimation.   J Magn Reson Imaging, 29(5): 1008-12.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the T1rho (T(1rho)) MRI relaxation time in hippocampus in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and control, and to determine whether the T(1rho) shows any significant difference between these cohorts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With informed consent, AD (n = 49), MCI (n = 48), and age-matched control (n = 31) underwent T(1rho) MRI on a Siemens 1.5T Scanner. T(1rho) values were automatically calculated from the left and right hippocampus region ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

MRI and histological analysis of beta-amyloid plaques in both human Alzheimer's disease and APP/PS1 transgenic mice.   J Magn Reson Imaging, 29(5): 997-1007.

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between MR image contrast associated with beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques and their histology and compare the histopathological basis of image contrast and the relaxation mechanism associated with Abeta plaques in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) and transgenic APP/PS1 mouse tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With the aid of the previously developed histological coil, T(2) (*)-weighted images and R(2) (*) parametric maps were directly compared with histology ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Dystrophic neurites in TgCRND8 and Tg2576 mice mimic human pathological brain aging.   Neurobiol Aging, 30(6): 864-74.

The morphology and neurochemistry of beta-amyloid (A beta) plaque-associated dystrophic neurites present in TgCRND8 and Tg2576 mice was demonstrated to be strikingly similar to that observed in pathologically aged human cases, but not in Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. Specifically, pathologically aged cases and both transgenic mouse lines exhibited alpha-internexin- and neurofilament-triplet-labelled ring- and bulb-like dystrophic neurites, but no classical hyperphosphorylated-tau dystrophic ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Plaque published 24 April 2009:

Differential FDDNP PET patterns in nondemented middle-aged and older adults.   Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 17(5): 397-406.

OBJECTIVE: The authors explored whether positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-(1-{6-[(2-[fluorine-18]fluoroethyl)(methyl) amino]-2-naphthyl} ethylidene)malononitrile (FDDNP), a molecule that binds to plaques and tangles in vitro, might identify homogeneous subgroups of persons in middle-aged and older persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or normal cognition. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-six subjects (MCI, N = 29; normal cognition, N = 27). MEASUREMENTS: FDDNP-PET scans were performed. Logan ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Plaque published 13 April 2009:

Plaque retention by self-ligating vs elastomeric orthodontic brackets: quantitative comparison of oral bacteria and detection with adenosine triphosphate-driven bioluminescence.   Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 135(4): 426.e1-9; discussion 426-7.

INTRODUCTION: Enamel decalcification is a common problem in orthodontics. The objectives of this randomized clinical study were to enumerate and compare plaque bacteria surrounding 2 bracket types, self-ligating (SL) vs elastomeric ligating (E), and to determine whether adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven bioluminescence could be used for rapid assessment of bacterial load in plaque. METHODS: Patients (ages, 11-17 years) were bonded with SL and E brackets in 14 maxillary and 12 mandibular ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Plaque published 6 April 2009:

A novel approach to the identification and quantitative elemental analysis of amyloid deposits--insights into the pathology of Alzheimer's disease.   Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 382(1): 91-5.

There is considerable interest in the role of metals such as iron, copper, and zinc in amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease. However to convincingly establish their presence in plaques in vivo, a sensitive technique is required that is both quantitatively accurate and avoids isolation of plaques or staining/fixing brain tissue, since these processes introduce contaminants and redistribute elements within the tissue. Combining the three ion beam techniques of scanning transmission ion ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Plaque published 2 April 2009:

Cerebrovascular smooth muscle actin is increased in nondemented subjects with frequent senile plaques at autopsy: implications for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease.   J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 68(4): 417-24.

We previously found that vascular smooth muscle actin (SMA) is reduced in the brains of patients with late stage Alzheimer disease (AD) compared with brains of nondemented, neuropathologically normal subjects. To assess the pathogenetic significance and disease specificity of this finding, we studied 3 additional patient groups: nondemented subjects without significant AD type pathology ("Normal"; n = 20), nondemented subjects with frequent senile plaques at autopsy ("Preclinical ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Plaque published 1 April 2009:

Interaction of the amyloid imaging tracer FDDNP with hallmark Alzheimer's disease pathologies.   J Neurochem, 109(2): 623-30.

The distinctive cortical uptake of the tracer (18)F-FDDNP (2-(1-{6-[(2-fluoroethyl(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl}ethylidene)malononitrile) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is believed to be because of its binding to both neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and highly fibrillar senile plaques. We therefore investigated the binding of a tracer concentration of (3)H-FDDNP to brain sections containing AD hallmark pathologies. Semi-adjacent sections were labelled with (3)H-PIB (Pittsburgh compound-B, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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